radley



Oct. 21 1924. 1,512,135

G. R. RADLEY ELECTRIC GENERATING SYSTEM Filed March 1'7. 1921 INVEN TOR. BW 3.310.412,24!

mma.,

ATTORNEY Patented Oct. 21, 1924.

UNITED STAT-Es PATENT i OFFICE...

GUY R. RADLEY, 0F MILWAUKEE, WISCONSIN, ASSIGNOR TO THE CUTLEBi-HAMMER MFG. C0., 0F MILWAUKEE, WISCONSIN, A CORPORATION OF WISCONSIN. y l

ELECTRIC-GNERATING SYSTEM.

Application filed March 17, 1921. Serial No. 452,919.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, GUY RADLELa citizen of the United States, residing at Milwaukee, in the county of Milwaukee and State ofVVisconsimhave invented new and useful-'Improvements in Electric Generating Systems, of which the following is ay full, clean-concise, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawing, forming a part of this specification.-

This invention relates to electric generan.`

elect'ic machinesl have ,beenfused `iii-.""such systems, but heretofore-the series field winding was used only. during electricalfcranking off. the" engii'ieror ini: other-.words the dynamo electric`machine wasl used as Ya Vcompound motor during cranking and asa shunt generator durin icharging. In practice it has beenfoundxt atwhen the machine acts as a shunt-generator a:.relatively-small load on the service? circuit producesv a .relatively largedrop inthe charging current supplied to' therbatterylm A The present invention has among its ob- `ijectsto provide a system of the aforesaid character wherein the series winding of the machine r'isf utilized during l1charging Lto maintain the charging currentsubstantiallyv constant irrespective of the load yoi'i-the service circuit.

Another Objectis to provide a simple and reliable controller for effecting the necessary circuit changes for utilization ofthe series field'winding' for the aforesaid purpose.

- Another object is to provide an exceedingly sensitive controller of the'aforesaid character'which insures interruption of the charging circuit upon a predetermined valuel of reverse current in said circuit.

Various other objects and advantages of the invention will hereinafter appear.

In the accompanying drawing wherein is illustrated an embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 1 diagrammatically illustrates a system embodying the invention;

Fig. 2 is a side elevational viewpartly in section of the controller diagrammatically illustrated in Fig. l;

Fig. 3 is a front elevational view partly in section of the controllerl shown iii-Fig.2; and

Fig. 4 is a fragmentary sectional view taken on lines 4--4 of Fig. 2. 1

Referring to Fig. l, the same illustrates a so-called farm lighting plant or system cornprising a battery B, a load circuit indicated generally at 5 to be supplied therebyE and a dynamo-'electric machineA 6v for supplying current to said battery andto said'load circuit.v Said machine vis provided with''fanE armature'A,a series field windingF and` a .f

shunt field winding iF and'.' the #saine '-is adapted to be driven by an internal combustion engine indicated by a timer 7, ignition coil 8 andfsparkplug 9.".*A-y controller connecting the i dynamo electric machine 'includinga main switch- 10 anda'seriesfield1v4 commutating:element' '11 iszfrpovided i for' across the terminals of battery B for# elecf trical cranking of .the interiial combustion engine and for varying such connectionsas soi,

hereinafter set forth:r to charge battery B 'i and supply current. to load circuit 5. The

main switch l() is providedwith a retaining magnet, l2'having a series windingfl and a shunt winding'lLl and'the seriestiildicom-'y imitating element l1 has an auxiliaryi'switch 15 associated therewith =forb including and v1 excluding a regulating rheostatR in their` shunt -field Ycircuit of the -dynamoelectri'c'l machine".y normall said main switch and a normally 'open-'push buttoi'i'.'v switch y17l for' controlling the?A ignition'circuit'o'f'the engine.Y Y I A11 embodiment of the controller is'illusi' tiated in'Figs.' 2,' 3f'and 4 the-same including'an insulatingl base 2O providing a support .for the'various 'switchesaforemen tione'd. The main switchl lO-in'cludes a? sta# tionaryfcontact 2l. secured to'the face of said; insulating base and "a- 'co-operating' movablecontact 22 yieldingly secured to4 a supporting member 23 by a conventional form of spring pressure device 24. Thesupporting member 23' is pivotally mounted on a pin 25 secured to base 2O and is biased Vto move in a clockwise direction by .a tension -sp'ring 26 adjustably securedto afbracket 27 fixed to insulating base 20.

Said sup- -V`fnedium off ian vinsu'latingl.v member.

porting member has an armature 28 pivotally secured thereto by a pin 29,-fand the retaining magnet 12 is provided with pole pieces 30 fixed to base 20 and arranged to be engaged by said armature when Contact 22 is moved into closed position.

As shown in Fig. 3, the series field commutating element 11 is arranged between base 2() and supporting member 23 and the same includes a supporting member 31 having its lower end pivot-ally mounted on pin 25 and having a push button 32 secured to its upper end. Supporting member 31 has a spring contact secured to the inner facethereof and is biased by a spring 34 to a position wherein said spring contact engages a fixed contact Member 31 is movable against the action of spring 34 to a position wherein spring Contact 33 engages'a. fixed contact 36 and during such movement a lug 37 on said member engages the right Aface of supporting member 23 to move Acontact finger 22. of main switch 10 from.-A open positionl into= closed position.

`Member31 also carries [auxiliary spring contacts .38 'amd 39,.which are insulated therefrom and are arrangedj to'selectively bridge fixed; contacts 40 and 41 with a fixed contact 42. Contacts'33, 38 and 39 tend to force member31 outwardly: on pin 25 and to prevent bindingofusupporting member 23 by suchL outward"rno-'veienpin'l25lis shoulderedat-43, anda wash'er'44 is provided betweenvsaid shouldery and member 31'.-

Ignition switchfgfl| comprises a pair of stationary contacts 45 secured to the face of insulating base 20- and a normally open bridging contact. 45 secured to supporting member 23 of main switch 10 through te s shown inFigsj2 and 4,' push button switch 17 includes a'resilient Contact. 46, having its lower end'se'cured to insulating base 20, as shown in Fig. 4, and a rigid1contact'4'7also secured to said base and arranged to be engagedjby said former contact upon depression of a push button 48.` secured to the upper end of the latten V I The aforedescribed controller is provided -with an enclosing casingcomprising interfttingsh'eet-'metal parts 50 andl 51, the part being formedto provide: the *rear and top and bottom walls-ofthe casing and the part- 51 being formed to providethe front and side walls of the casing. Insulating base 20 is secured to lugs 52 formed by forwardly bent portions on t-he upperA land lower right hand corners of the rear wall f of part 50 and as shown in Fig. 3 said lugs -provide outlets 53 in the rear Wall of the casing for the various leads. The rear wall is also provided with openings 54 to receive screws for attaching the casing to a suitable suppoit,'while the bottom wall is provided with an opening 55 for receiving external leads. The t'rontl wall of the casing is provided with openings to receive the push butY tous 32 and 48 and as shown iu Fig. 2` the part 51 is secured to the top and bottom walls of part 50 b y screws 5G passing through said walls into lugs 57 formed on part 51.

rl`he manner of operation of the aforedescribed controller will now be more fully set forth. Assuming that the push button 32 is depressed to move the several parts of the controller from normal position to the position shown in Fig. 2. with the connec tions shown in Fig. 1 circuit will be established from the left hand terminal of battery B through a fuse 60 by conductors 61 and 62 through series field F, by conductors 63 and 64 to contact 36 through thel field commutating element 11 vand main switch 10 to contact 21 of the latter by conductor 65 through series winding 13 by conductors 66 and 67 through armature A and by conductors 68 and 69 to the right hand terminal of battery B. Also' circuit for the shunt field F will be established from right hand terminal of armatureA through said fieldwinding by conductor 70 to stationary contact 42 through contacts 38 and 39 to stationary Contact 40 and by vconductors 71 and 67 to the left'hand terminal of armature A, thus providing` for. excitationfof said shunt-field by the full batteryvoltage. The` dynamo electric machine being thus c0nnected across the batteryis adapted to act as a compound motor to "crank the engine. Also' practically at the moment of closurefof main switch 10 bridging 'contact' 453L disengages contacts 45 thus connecting the ignition coil across armature A 'by a circuit extendingfrom rthe left vhand terminal of said arma? ture by Aconductors 67, 71, '72,' 73' :and 74 through timer 7 and coil 8 andby conductors 75, 69 and 68 to the said'armature.

Thev dynamo electric machine is thereupon adapted to act in the well known manright handterminal ner'first as a Amotor for cranking the engine f and thereafter as a generator as soon as the engine develops sufficient power to drive former above its speed as a motor.

As' before* stated, the magnet 12 is provided with'a shunt Winding 14 and as shown in Fig. 1, the same is `connected across ar-J the actionof spring 26. vAs soon as the machine begins to actas a generator the field conimutating element 11v is released by the operator to permit return thereof to normal position.A Upon return of said element to normal position the circuit connections are varied so that the left hand terminal of armature A is connected to the left hand terminal of battery B exclusive of the series field winding` F by a circuit extending through contact 35 while the load circuit 5 is connected across said. battery through said field winding, said circuits being apparent from the drawing. Also upon return of the field commutating element 11 contact 38 engages Contact 41 to include the shunt field regulating rheostat R in circuit with shunt field F.

lt is apparent that upon establishment of the aforesaid charging connectionsv the series field winding F has'a cumulative compounding effect or in' other words the same strengthens the field of the dynamo electric machine under increased load conditions in circuit 5 and weakensv the field under decreased load conditions in'v said circuit. Thus by properly designing' the series field Winding the terminal voltage of the machine can bemaintainedv substantially Constantinespective' of the load, conditions, while prof vidingthewell-known 'advantagesfof' a tapered charge which is obtained by a shunt machine.y Also it should-be noted that with the aforedescribed vconnections a `floatingbattery effect isobta'ined orlin-othjer words if the load exceedsl'the engine capacity'the storage'battery will assist the generator in supplying thevl lloadl.- y i QThe shunt and' series of magnet 12 are so proportioned'with'respect to the adjustable spring 26 as to maintain the main switchl I10- closed for a limited time following diminution or discontinuance of the engine power supply such as might occur upon partial or temporar choking of the engine carburetor, thus agi fording the engine an opportunity to clear itself and even assisting such action through temporary motorizaticn of the dynamic electric machine.' However, the foregoing parts are designed and adjusted to provide for opening of the main switch at a pre-determinedv value of reverse current in the series winding 13 which value is necessarily'less than that lrequired to maintain protracted rotation of vsaid machine with `:the engine idle. I tshouldbe noted `that precision in the releasing pointof the main switch is obtained by providing a direct's'pring pull in opposition to the ma l etic pull exerted by magnet 12 and also providing for free return of the main switch` without hindrance by other elements'of the controller as be-` fore set forth.Y

Stopping of the engine and termination windings 13 and 14 f duces to such an extent that the main switch 10 opens and upon opening of said main switch the auxiliary switch 16 is closed to maintain Said shunt circuit around timer 7. Thus it is apparent that switch 16 overcomes' the necessity of keeping the push button 17 depressed until the plant actually comes to a stand-still this feature being particularly advantageous in ballbearing plants which require relatively long periods before the same come to a stand-still.

Ity should be noted that the aforedescribed ignition control is not limited to batteijy ignition but is also adapted for use with magneto ignition systems, the switches 16 and 17 being then used to short circuit the magneto to accomplish the aforedescribed re sults. y

What I claiirn as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. The combination with a sfo-rage bat- Ytery cfa' load circuit to be supplied thereby.

a dynamo electric machine having shunt and series field windings, the latte-r being .permanently connected in said loady circuit, an

vinternal combustion engine forv driving said :machine and means for connecting said niafchine across the terminals of. said battery in'pclusiveyof said series fieldqwinding `for e-leet-rical. cranking of saidengine and for excluding saidV series -fieldwindingfrom such circuit for charging.V

2. 'The combination with a' storage batlvtery, of a load circuit to'be supplied thereby a dynamo electric machine having shunt and series field windings, an internal combustion engine for driving said machine and means ineludin a plurality of coi-operating control switches movable together to connect saidl dynamoy electric machine across said battery inclusive of said series field windingfor electrical cranking of said engine, one of said switches being thereafter operable independently of the other to connect said series field winding in said load circuitfina reversed relation with respect to the armature of said machine for charg- 1 .3. 4The combination with a battery, a load circuit to be supplied thereby, a dynamo electric machine having shunt and series field windings. an internal combustion enfgine 'for driving said machines, means including Aa plurality of co-operating control switches tobe operated to ether to connect `said dynamo electric mac ine across said battery inclusive of said series `field winding for electrical cranking of saidl engine, one of said switches being thereafter operable inde- Sie' lill

pendently of the other to connect said series field winding in said load circuit in a re-` versed relation with respect tothe armature of said machine for charging, andl electro-magneticl retaining means associated with the other of said switches.

4. The combination with a battery, a load circuit to be supplied thereby,y dynamo electric machine having shunt and series field windings, an internal combustion engine for driving said machine, means including a plurality of control switches movable together out' of a givenv position to connect said dynamo electric machine across said battery, inclusive of vsaid series'field winding for electrical' cranking of said cngin-e, one of said switches being returnable to said position independently of the other to connectsaid series 'field winding in said loa-d circuit in a reversed' relation wit-'hfY revA spect to the armature of said machineV for charging, and the other of said switches he-v ing returnable to said given position to inrv terrupt the charging connections, and meansy associated with said latter switch providing for return thereof to said: given,- position under a p-re-deteri'nined--material vvalue of current discharging from. through said generator., i i l 1 i -i 5. The combination with a battery, a; load circuit to be supplied thereby, Aa dynamoA electric machine l having yshunt machine across said-battery inclusive ofsaid series' winding, sarid latten switch being operable independently ofsaidmaiin switch to include said series field. windingy in vsaid load circuit in a reversed/relation wiitii rev spe-ct to the armature of'said machine for charging.

6. The combination with Va battery :and a load circuit to be supplied therebypa dynaino electric machine having lshuntfand series field windings, an internal .combustion en`v gine for driving said maichineg-s aff-mainz l 1 iinrthe; armature circuit-yoff'said upon closure ofwsaid main switch,v said windfswitch biased to open position, an-'electnofy magnet having shunt and seriesy windings-ffV forretaining the saine in closed position andi a fieldV Comunitat-ing switch adapted: upfon movement in one direction to close saidf;

main switch, said field commut/ting S'Witch co-operating with said mainl switch upon? movement thereof inA said directionyto con-v nect said dynamo electric machine racross. said' battery inclusi-ve ofiv suchl lseries.'field winding for.l electrical cranking-,of said 'engine,v and being thereafter operable. inde? pendently of said main switch tovary` said connections `'for inclusion of said series field winding in said load circuit in a reversed y sind i battery .load circuit to "be .supplied -dynamo electricimachine havingr shunt and and `series:` lseries v field windings, field windings an internal:combustion eifiwr gine for 'driving said `machine,anma'in switch-biased torio-pen position and a: iieldu commutating switch cooperating -with v said main switch to connect said:dynamo-electnicmanfswiitch biased te conimiitatingelement -moyablain one direc-l tion*t to Iclose said main.switchl and .to vestablish anf energizing j circuit for said machine through` said main ,switch inclulchine for g charging,

ie1ation ,with respect to the armature of said `dynamo electric machine for charging.

7. The combination with a. battery, a load circuit to be,- supplie-dthereby, a dynamo electric machine having shunt and series field windings, an internal combustion enoperating with the torn-ier upon movement thereof to said latter. positionl to connect said dynamo electric lmachine. across the battery, inclusive of said series field winding for electrical cranking of said engine and being returnable to normal position independentlyk of' said mainy switch lto include ,suchseriesf field winding in said load circuit'in reversed relationy with respect to` the armature of said' machine for charging andmeans associated with said main switch forrenderingthe ignition circuit of said engine ineifective upon opening of said mainswitcnf, .v i f i A8. Thecombina/tionl with a lnittery,A a

thereby, a

an internal combustion enginegcfor,v driving vsaid machine,` a openvpositiomfaeld sive of saidseries field winding for elecftrical cranking of said engine-(said field 'corninurtating .element being movable to another position independently ,of Isaid main switch to connect saidnseries yfield winding fin said loadicincuit in Ia .reversed relation with respect to thevarmature of said masa-id main :switchohaving a. shunt winding connected across the armatune ofy said Ina- Chneiandt-a Ser-les iwuidingi to be ings beingproportioned to insure opening said battery througligsaid generator: v 9.- Ihe combination 'withfa ibattery, a load circuit to be.sup-plied,ftherebyga compound 'jwound dynamo elect-ric machine, an internal combustionv enginefor? driving sind machine,

a switch-havinganon-position andan off position, aV selx'condz switch lhaving `extreme .posi-tions,nieanshiasing said latter switch to one of said extreme positions, Asaid latter a retain-ing magnet for;

iiov

included machine y vof said mainjswfitchiiinder ay predetermined:-l `maiter1alvaine ,of current dischargingl from switch being interlocked with the former;

whereby the same upon movement into the other of its extreme positions effects movement of said former switch into its on position and circuit connections providing for connection of said dynamo electric Inachine across said battery inclusive of said series field winding upon movement of said latter switch into its last-mentioned position and providing for inclusion of said series field winding in said load circuit in a reversed relation with respect to the armature of said machine upon return of said latter switch to its first-mentioned position.

l0. The combination With a battery, a load circuit to be supplied thereby, a compound wound dynamo electric machine, an internal combustion engine for driving said machine and a plurality of manually operated switches to be operated selectively to connect said dynamo electric machine across said battery inclusive of said series field winding for electrical cranking and to vary said connections for inclusion of said field winding in said load circuit in a reversed rela-tion With respect to the armature of said dynamo electric machine for charging, and means associated With one of said switches to insure interruption of said charging connections under a predetermined value of current discharging from said battery through said generator.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto subscribed my name.

GUY R. RADLEY. 

